Starter arrangement for internal combustion engines



H. R. GR6EZINGER STARTER ARRANGEMENT FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION mamas June14, 1960 Filed Aug. 27, 1956 IGNITION awn-cu 1 20 l 7 H52. o 49 4 la v TI'NVENTOR HANS R. GROZINGER ATTORNEYS nitcd Sttes STARTER GEMEN T FORINTERNAL CGMBUSTION ENGINES Hans R. Griiezinger,Stuttgart-Untertnrkheim, Germany,

assignor to Dannler-Benz Airtiengeselischaft, Stuttgart- Unterturkheirn,Germany Filed Aug. 27, 1956, Ser. No. 606,402

Claims priority, apphcation Germany Aug. 29, 1955 13 Claims. (Cl.123179) and proportional to the temperature condition of the engine,when the fiuid medium is below a predetermined temperature limit.

In that manner, the preparation of the supplied fuel, i .e., especiallythe evaporation in the cylinder space of the injected fuel, is enhancedand the condensation thereof at the cold cylinder walls is reduced sincea relatively high vacuum occurs in the cylinder during the suctionstroke of the piston thereof as a result of cutting-off or interruptingthe air supply to the cylinders.

According to a further feature in accordance with the present invention,it is preferable that the temperature responsive member in internalcombustion engines of the injection type described above also provides acontrol efiect during actuation of the starter which provides a largerquantity of injected fuel than in normal operation of the engine. 7

By the use of such an arrangement, the starting process of the engine isalso materially aided on the part of the fuel supply since the fact thatwith low temperatures a large part of the injected fuel quantitycondenses along the cold cylinder walls so as to be ineffective for thecombustion is taken into consideration.

In connection with starting arrangements provided with an electricallyactuated starter the present invention proposes in particular that acontrol or throttling memher be arranged in the combustion air linewhich control member is moved by a spring force into the blockingposition thereof, yet, may be kept electromagnetically in the openposition thereof by overcoming the spring force, whereby the arrangementis such that the electromagnet controlling the throttling member issupplied with current directly over the starter switch with theelectrical system of the internal combustion engine switched on and withthe starter switch released, while this electromagnet is supplied withcurrent over a line including a thermostatic switch when the starterswitch is actuated, and only in case the thermostatic switch is in theposition corresponding to that which occurs when a predeterminedtemperature limit has been surpassed. With a position of this thermostatcorresponding to a temperature below the predetermined temperature limitan electromagnet is energized upon actuation of the starter whichproduces an increase in the injected fuel quantity.

Bythe use of such a simple arrangement and construction the starting ofthe internal combustion-engine is reliablyassured even with relativelylow temperatures. In addition thereto, such a construction offers theadvantage atom:

that it may also be used to prevent the continued operation of theinternal combustion engine due to after-glow ignition after the electricignition switch has been cut off since upon turning off the electricsystem the electromagnet controlling the throttling member in the airline is no longer supplied with energizing current and the air line isthereby blocked so that the engine must come to a standstill as a resultof lack of adequate combustion air.

A particularly simple construction and arrangement is possible with thepresent invention in those types of internal combustion engines in whicha separate idlingspeed air line lay-passing the main throttling memberof the inlet manifold or suction line is provided if the blocking orthrottling member is arranged in the idling speed air line and, as aresult thereof, requires only relatively small dimensions.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide astarting arrangement and control system for internal gas combustionengines with fuel injection which is relatively simple yet assuresstarting of the engine's even with relatively cold temperatures.

Another object of the present invention resides in the provision of anarrangement of a control system for internal combustion engines of thefuel injection type which greatly facilitates starting of the engine atcold temperatures.

Still another object of the present invention is the provision of acontrol system for starting a relatively cold internal combustion enginewhich enhances the preparation of the fuel in the cylinders by cuttingoff the supply of suction air so as to increase the vacuum during thesuction stroke in the cylinders and thereby reduce the danger ofcondensation of the fuel along the cold cylinder walls.

Still another object of the present invention is the provision of such astarting control arrangement for internal combustion engines which notonly controls the amount of combustion air supplied to the engine duringstarting but also controls the amount of injected fuel dependent on thetemperature of a fluid medium which is indicative of 0-1 proportional tothe temperature of the engine, such as, for example, the cooling waterof a Water-cooled combustion engine, the cooling air of an air-cooledinternal combustion engine or the lubricant of the internal combustionengine.

Still another object of the present invention is the provision of astarting control arrangement for internal'combustions which at the sametime is provided with such an electric control circuit as to preventoperation of the 1 internal combustion engine due to after-glow in thecylinders after the ignition and therewith the spark plugs'are out OKfrom the source of electric power.

These and other objects, features and advantages "of the presentinvention will become more obvious from the following description whentaken in connection with the accompanying drawing which shows, forpurposes of illustration only, one preferred embodiment in accordancewith the present invention and wherein:

Figure 1 shows schematically a starter arrangement for internalcombustion engines according to the present invention, and

Figure 2 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the engine throttlevalve and idling speed control valve of Figure 1.

Referring now more particularly to the drawing, reference numeral 1designates the internal combustion'engine of the fuel injection type.The engine -1 is 'connected with the radiator 2 through which thecooling water of the cooling system for the engine flows, a'cl-utch andflywheel housing 3 as Well as a transmission '4. The electric starter 5of suitable construction drives over a shaft 6 the flywheel which islocated within the housing V Another shaft 7 drives the fuel injectionpump 8.

A shaft or pivot pin 9 is supported in the injection pump 8 and isconnected within the injection pump 8 with the fuel adjusting rod orrack (not shown) thereof and on the outside thereof with a lever 10.Thelever 10 is'constantly urged "toward the left by a spring ll'whichthere- .by'adjusts the lever 10 so as to produce a reduction in *theamount'of fuel injected.

In other words, counterclockwise rotation of the lever 10 produces adecrease in the injected fuel quantity and vice versa. The lever 10 isalso connected with the core 12 of an electromagnet 13.

'I'he combustion air reaches the main inlet manifold or suction line 15over an air filter 14. The suction line 15 is provided with a mainthrottle valve 16; An idling speed air channel 17 by-passes the mainthrottling valve 16. The idling speed air channel 17 may be blocked orcut off by a slide valve member 18. The slide valve "ation of thestarter button 22 the contact piece 23 is moved toward the left andthereby bridges the three contacts 27, 28 and 29 which are therebyelectrically interconnected with each other. The ignition switch 30 ofthe other terminal grounded; V

Contact 28 is connected with the starter over the wire 41, while contact26 is connected with the electromagnet 20 over wire 42, junction box 43and wire 44.,

Furthermore, cable or wire 32 provides an electric connection of thecontact member 29 with the contact lever or switch arm 33 which in turnestablishes an electric connection, in one position thereof over thecable or wire 34, junction box 43 and wire 44 which the electromagnet 20or, inthe other position thereof, over a cable 35 with the electromagnet13 at the fuel injection pump 8. The contact lever 33 is actuated by athermostat 36 of suitable construction which is exposed, for example, tothe cooling water of the cooling system of the internal combustionengine and has only two possible positions, namely: r a (11) Below apredetermined temperature limit'of, for example, 65 degrees C. of thecooling water temperature the contact lever 33 establishes an electricconnection between the cable 32 and the cable 35, and a (b) Above thispredetermined temperature limit, the contact lever or switch arm 33connects the cables 32 and 34 with each other, as shown in the drawing.

The electric circuits and arrangements-thereof have .been indicated onlyschematically for sake of clarity.

However, it is understood that in actual construction relays ofconventional construction may be used, as is well known in connectionwith such arrangement.

OPERATION The operation of the control arrangement in accordance withthe present invention is as follows:

With a cold engine If the engine is relatively cold, i.e., if thecooling water temperature, for example, is below 65 degrees C., thecontact lever 33 is in the left position, i.e., in the position notillustrated in the drawing, to establish an electric connection betweenwires 32 and 35.

Upon turning on the ignition switch 30, the contacts any suitableconstruction electrically connects in the' position 1 thereof a cable orwire 31 with both the contacts 25 and 27 so as to supply current fromone terminal 'of the battery (not illustrated) to the contacts 25 and27,

of the battery may be suitably '32 and 34 with each other.

4 25 and 27 are connected with the positive terminal of the battery. Aslong as the starter button 22 is pushed toward the left, i.e., as longas the starter button 22 is actuated by depressing, both contacts 28 and29 are connected by the connecting piece 23 with the contact 27,

, and are thereby also connected withthe positive terminal of thebattery. Consequently, cur-rent is supplied to line 41 over contact 27and the starter 5 is energized, on the one hand, while the electromagnet13 isenergized over contact 29 and cables 32 and 35, on the other. As aresult of energization of the electromagnet 13 the core thereof isattracted toward the right, as viewed in the drawing, so that thelever10 rotates the shaft 9 in the clockwise direction, i.e., in thedirection of a large increase of the injected fuel quantity. The engineis thereby set into rotation, whereby, as a result of the blocking ofthe inlet line .15 by the idling-speed adjustment of the throttlingmember 16, on the one hand, and the position assumed by the slide valvemember 18, on the other, a relatively high vacuum occurs in thecylinders which greatly facilitates starting of the engine.Simultaneously therewith, a correspondingly large amount of fuel isinjected. After the starter button 22 is released, the electromagnet 13is no longer energized, whereby the strong enrichment of the mixture isdiscontinued due to deenergization of electromagnet 13. Simultaneously,the contact piece 23 returns to its normal position and bridges againthe contacts 25 and 26 to thereby provide an electric circuit over thecontacts 25 and 26 with the electromagnet 20 which is now energized sothat the core 19 and therewith the slide valve member 18 are attractedtoward the right as 'viewed in'the drawing. The idling speed air line17, as a result thereof, is rendered free so that the engine receives asufficient amount of combustion air during the idling-speed operationthereof when the throttle valve 16 is essentially closed.

With warm engine thermostat 36 as'to assume the right positionthereof,'i.e.,

the position indicated in the drawing.

As a result thereof, the contact lever 33 connects lines If, under theseconditions the ignition switch 30 is turned on and the starterbutto'n 22is depressed, as in the previous case, the starter 5 is again energizedover wire 41. Furthermore, the electromagnet 20 is also energizedimmediately at that time over the contact 29, line or wire 32, switch33, line 34, junction box 43 and wire 44 so that the slide valve member18 in that case does not block or interrupt theidling speed air line 17.However, with relatively high temperatures, it is not required that theidlingspeed air line 17 be blocked and might even be harmful as in thatcase so much fuel evaporates immediately'as is necessary for engine, andthis amount of fuel'also requires a corresponding amount of combustionair. 'After'releasing the starting button 22, the magnet 20 is keptenergized over contact 25, connecting piece 23, and contact 26 so thateven during subsequent continued operation of the engine the idlingspeed air line 17 is kept'openl r In all cases, regardless of theposition assumed by the contact lever 33 which is controlled by thethermostat 36, the entire electric system is cut olf from the batteryand thereby de-energized if the ignition switch 30 is turned to theposition 0 thereof so that the spring 21 again forces the slide member18 toward the left into the blocking position thereof whereby continuedoperation of the engine, for example, as a result of after-glowignitions, due to, for instance, hot spots, is rendered impossiblebecause of lack of sufficient combustion While I have shown anddescribed onepreferred em-' spanner bodiment in accordance with thepresent invention, it is understood that the same is not limited theretobut is susceptible of many changes and modifications Within the spiritof the present invention, and "I intend to cover all such changes andmodifications except as defined by the appended claims.

I claim: I

l. A starting control arrangement with fuel injection, comprisingcranking means, a starter switch means for actuating 'said crankingmeans, conduit means with adjustable control means including anadjustable control member and spring means for normally urging saida'djustable control member into one end position thereof,temperature-responsive means controlled by a fluid medium proportionalto the engine temperature, means operatively connecting saidtemperature-responsive means to said adjustable control means and saidstarter switch means for enabling said spring means to maintain saidadjustable control member in said end position thereof in which itvirtually stops the supply of suction air to said engine when said fluidmedium is below a predetermined temperature and only during the time ofactuation of said starter switch means, said connecting means includingan electric circuit with switch means actuated by saidtemperature-responsive means, said control means including anelectromagnet directly connected to said switch means and operativelyconnnected with said adjustable control member, said electromagnet beingenergized only when said switch means is in a position for responding tothe condition of said temperature-responsive means when said fluidmedium is above a predetermined temperature to thereby move said controlmember into a position of increased suction air supply to the engine.

2. A starting control arrangement according to claim 1, wherein saidfluid medium is the cooling water of a water-cooled internal combustionengine.

3. A starting control arrangement according to claim 1, wherein saidfluid medium is the cooling air of an aircooled internal combustionengine.

4. A starting control arrangement according to claim 1, wherein saidfluid medium is the lubricant of said internal combustion engine.

5. A starting control arrangement for internal combustion engines withfuel injection, comprising cranking means, a starter switch means foractuating said cranking means and a fuel injection mechanism with fueladjusting means for adjusting the amount of injection fuel comprisingconduit means with adjustable control means including spring means forvirtually stopping the supply of suction air to the engine to therebyestablish a high vacuum, temperature responsive means controlled by afluid medium representative of the engine temperature, and meansoperatively connecting said starter switch means and said temperatureresponsive means with said fuel adjusting means and said adjustablecontrol means to adjust said fuel injection mechanism by said fueladjusting means for larger quantities of injected fuel and to enablesaid spring means to maintain said adjustable control means in aposition thereof to virtually stop said supply of suction air to saidengine when said fluid medium is below a predetermined temperature andonly during the time of actuation of said starter switch means.

6. A starting control arrangement according to claim 5, furthercomprising means to restore the normal supply of suction to said engineupon release of said starter means.

7. A starting control arrangement according to claim 6, wherein saidfuel adjusting means and said adjustable control means each comprise anelectromagnetically actuated control member, wherein said temperatureresponsive means includes switch means and said starter means includes astarter button, and wherein said connecting means includes electriccircuits for the respective electromagnets of said control members whichare controlled 'by said 'st'a'rte'r button and by said switch meansactuated by said temperature responsive means.

8. A starting control arrangement according to claim 7, wherein saidconduit means includes an idling-speed bypass line with anelectromagnetically" controlled valve member forming said adjustablecontrol means to vary the flow cross section thereof.

:9. A starting arrangement for internal combustion engines, especiallymixture-compressing gas engines with fuel injection, comprising crankingmeans, starter switch means for actuating said cranking means andconduit means with an adjustable control member including spring meansacting thereon for virtually stopping the supplyof suction air to saidengine to thereby establish a high vacuum, temperature responsive meansin said engine and controlled by a fluid medium proportional to thetemperature of the engine, and means operatively connnecting saidstarter switch means and said temperature responsive means to saidadjustable control means to enable said spring means to maintain saidadjustable control member in a position thereof to virtually stop thesupply of suction air to said engine during the time of actuation ofsaid starter switch means with said fluid medium below a predeterminedtemperature, and a fuel adjusting mechanism for adjusting the quantityof the injected fuel, said last-mentioned means also including means foradjusting said fuel adjusting mechanism to provide a larger quantity ofinjected fuel during actuation of said starter switch means with saidtemperature responsive means below said predetermined temperature.

10. A starting control arrangement for internal combustion engines,especially mixture-compressing gasoline engines with fuel injection,comprising cranking means, starter switch means for actuating saidcranking means and conduit means provided with an adjustable controlmember for virtually stopping the supply of suction air to said engineto thereby establish a high vacuum, spring means for normally urgingsaid adjustable control member to a position thereof in which saidsupply of suction air is virtually stopped, electromagnetic meansoperatively connected with said adjustable control member to move thesame into a position of increased suction air supply by overcoming theforce of said spring means, thermostatic means controlled by a fluidmedium indicative of the temperature of the engine, an electric systemincluding a source of electric power, a starter button, switch meanscontrolled by said thermostatic means, and means interconnecting saidsource of electric power, said starter button, said switch means andsaid electromagnetic means to energize said electromagnetic means fromsaid source, over said starter button, upon depressing the latter, onlywith said switch means in a position corresponding to the condition ofsaid thermostatic means when said fluid medium is above a predeterminedtemperature.

11. A starting control arrangement according to claim 10, furthercomprising an ignition switch in said electric system, said connectingmeans also interconnecting said source of electric power, said starterbutter and said electromagnetic means to energize the latter uponclosure of said ignition switch with said starter button releasedregardless of the position of said switch means controlled by saidthermostatic means.

12. A starting control arrangement according to claim 11, furthercomprising a fuel adjusting mechanism to vary the amount of injectedfuel, electromagnetic means for actuating said fuel adjusting mechanismto increase the amount of fuel injected upon energization thereof, andmeans connecting said switch means to said lastmentioned electromagneticmeans to energize the latter upon closing said ignition switch anddepressing said starter button and with said switch means in a positioncorresponding to the condition of said thermostatic means below saidpredetermined temperature.

13. A starting control arrangement according to claim 12, wherein saidconduit means includes a main suction 117 2 7 line with a main controlvalve, and an idling speed bypass line bypassing said main controlvalve, said adjustable control member being arranged in said bypassline.

' References Cited in the file of this patent V UNITED STATES PATENTS n1,214,555 Leeee Feb. 6, 1917 1,219,646 Kyburg M31120, 1917 1,718,644Gilbert 11111625, 1929 1,768,579 Dickey July 1, 1930 1 1,939,606 HaasDee. 12, 1933 2,021,005 Hamilton Nov. 12, 1935 Holley et al. Mar. 23,193-7 Dahl et a1. Sept. 9, 19 58

